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Lean Manufacturing, Basics, Principles, Techniques
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THE IDEAL BUSINESS SYSTEM FRAMEWORK The expression "the whole is greater then the sum of the individual parts" applies to the ideal business system framework. Earlier in the paper we discussed the islands of information typical of a company operating on an ETO basis. Individually these systems are excellent supporting departmental activities but are suboptimal in supporting the overall project lifecycle in today's competitive world economy. The key to solving or at least minimizing most of the critical business issues discussed in this paper is integrating all systems into a cohesive whole. We have been progressing or evolving toward this complete system framework for some time. In the late eighties and early nineties, the aerospace and defense community drove, in the pursuit of efficiencies (do not laugh, it is true), the evolution of MRP II and then enterprise resources planning (ERP), the successor to MRP II to support project-oriented manufacturing. This was a significant achievement that was not widely known in the commercial ETO community at large until recently. Since then, advanced and affordable computing technology has made the integration or at minimum interfacing of the other important business systems to project-oriented ERP feasible, systems such as bidding and estimating, product data management (PDM), project management, and project accounting. A number of commercial firms operating on an ETO basis have pioneered this new variant of ERP.
During their pioneering efforts they found that the earlier project-oriented MRP II/ERP model needed enhancement to work harmoniously with all of its new peers. Some of the needed enhancements: • the ability of ERP, which is due-date-oriented to work with project • the ability to effectively manage value-added services • the ability to not only collect costs at the project level but to plan • the ability to create bid-specific structures beyond the traditional • the ability to effectively manage material supplied to subcontractors.
For those interested in extended project-oriented ERP, there is some good news. The APICS Complex Industries SIG and the Project Management Institute's (PMI) Manufacturing SIG are exploring the possibility of collaborating on this enhanced model for project-oriented manufacturing. If they are successful in finding ways of working together, it will benefit the ETO community in that this new model will be documented, refined, and distributed to industry by them. Both organizations are effective as educating professional societies. SUMMARY • The ETO operating environment is significantly different from that • There are a number of departments or functions unique to the ETO operational environment. • The lifecycle of an ETO project is complex, and there are frequent revisions to the end-item specifications. • The front-end processes—the defining of customer requirements, • Most companies operating on an ETO basis have disconnected departmental systems resulting in "islands of information." • An incomplete requirements definition in combination with the is • The evolution of ERP and advanced computing technology have made the integration of the various department systems feasible and desirable. • This new integrated business model is often called extended projectoriented ERP. • A few progressive professional societies are in the process of or STAY CONNECTED To stay current on Lean Management Basics and Best Practices, subscribe to our weekly MBBP Bulletin... and we'll send you our PowerPoint presentation, "Introduction to Kaizen Based Lean Manufacturing™." All at no cost of course.
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