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PRODUCT/SERVICE DEVELOPMENT AND PROCESS ENGINEERING

The product/service development and process engineering core process provides a focus to develop new products/services that respond to the voice of the customer. The intent of this process is to position the busi­ness to respond to changing customer requirements and to anticipate potential customer problems (before they even recognize that they have one) and solve them. Obviously a traditional approach to design, (prod­uct definition-design work-redesign) is not effective. There are three rules of effective product development. Changing the business paradigms re­quires the mastery of these three rules: Know your competitors, know your product development capability, and act precisely and decisively.

Knowing your competitors is essential to avoiding the "we know best" syndrome. The tendency is to focus on one business issue at a time. We also tend to seek excellence by searching for "what" and "how" solutions. While "what" and "how" criteria are important, we must also seek the "why" and "when" as well. This requires us to not only understand our own business fundamentals but also the underly­ing motivations of the obvious performance indices of the competi­tion. This holistic approach can enable us to more accurately compare and effectively apply the best practices of the competition to our new product development process. If you see someone doing something and it works, copy it. If it works very well, copy it quickly.

Knowing your product or service development capability is critical to success. You must be honest with yourself. Your customers award their business to you. It is their perceived value of your products or services that either makes or breaks your business. Thus one of your business objectives must be to create a product or service development capability or process that satisfies the greatest number of customers within the dominant strategy.

Acting precisely and decisively implies the need to prepare as well as the need to act. A "ready-fire-aim" philosophy seldom breeds suc­cess; likewise a "ready-aim-aim-aim-aim-fire" just does not work. The approach that seems to be more common in the successful business is the "ready-aim-fire-fire-fire-fire-fire" philosophy. In other words, do a through job of planning, ensure that the direction is correct, and ex­ecute. You can't fix the problem after the fact by throwing more re­sources into the breach.

The classical approach to new product or service development is embedded in the management approach to the business, sequential prod­uct design, competitive bidding, multiple suppliers, just in case inven­tory, functional organization structures, quality through inspection, market research models, engineering designs, hierarchical management, and islands of automation. This mindset embraces a set of paradigms that virtually guarantee that you will continue to do things the same way that you have always done them and most likely achieve the same results so long as the world doesn't move. To break out of the existing new product or service development process requires that you embrace a new set of business paradigms.

A process is defined as a bounded group of interrelated work activi­ties providing output of greater value than the inputs; it is essentially a method for doing things. A well-managed business process has the fol­lowing characteristics: clearly defined ownership, defined boundaries and interfaces, documented work flows, clearly defined control points, established measures, and control over process deviations. The utiliza­tion of a process approach to new product or service development is a function of the paradigms of the management of the business. Do they embrace simultaneous/concurrent engineering, supplier partnerships, single souring, Just-in-Time inventories, cross-functional teams, qual­ity at the source, listening to customers' requirements as well as trying to uncover their needs, design for manufacturing as well as assembly, total employee engagement, and flow manufacturing as well as logis­tics? The process itself will be considerably different depending on the selected business strategy. The time and energy invested in the devel­opment of the new product or service can and probably will vary based on the process.

A well-designed structured process for new product or service de­velopment would consist of the following major elements: concept, concept development, product/service development, full-scale produc­tion, and product/service introduction. Each of these elements must be creatively developed to support the dominant strategy selected. In ad­dition, it is necessary to establish criteria to bring closure and agree­ment to each of these elements as you progress through the process.

Managing new product or service development with a process ap­proach is not a revolutionary new concept. Most companies have de­veloped some type of product or service development process. Re­gardless of their intent, traditional development approaches generally fall within two categories, the first being a formalized, stringent, and very uncompromising technical process that stifles organizational flex­ibility and creativity. The second is typically so undefined that it re­sults in only "me too" type products if at all.

Neither approach fits today's competitive atmosphere. As a result, both of these approaches are more hype than reality. They hinder more than help and seldom fulfill their intended purpose: to channel and facilitate organizational creativity toward satisfying customers needs. The critical nature of this issue cannot be overstated! Each day you perpetuate an ineffective product or service development process, you become less competitive.

Customers continue to become more, not less, knowledgeable and sophisticated. In turn, they are demanding a greater, not lesser, array of innovative, complex, and WOW products. Who will meet these chal­lenges? The answer is the most talented, creative, and innovative people and companies. An effective product or service development process must balance and integrate creative people needs with those of effec­tive supporting processes and business strategies.

To Be Continued


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