Myths about Manufacturing
There are many widespread beliefs about the
root causes of manufacturing's problems. In each, there is just
enough truth to lend credence to what are generally fallacies. These
include:
1. Trading with foreign countries is a game
not played on a "level playing field." Government
subsidies, regulations that discriminate against
U.S.
products, dumping products in
U.S.
markets below cost, absence of safety and environmental laws, and
interlocking foreign corporate structures blocking competition and
trade are cited. Each American firm must ask itself, "If these
obstacles were removed, would our products be competitive?" In
too many cases, the answer is, unfortunately, "No."
2. Other American groups are the culprits.
Labor unions want "business as usual" when the life of the
firm is threatened. The financial community makes capital too
expensive and insists on short-term profits. High salaries of
executives are challenged although heroes in entertainment and
sports siphon off millions. Government is antagonistic, not
supportive, and regulations in safety, health, welfare, and
environmental controls are too restrictive and burdensome. The
educational system doesn't develop people with the knowledge and
skills needed. The legal system is out of control; stratospheric
awards for questionable claims can destroy a healthy company
overnight. Insurance costs are prohibitive. Although
"jobs" are a national goal, employers are a necessary
evil. But what voice tells industry's story to the public and seeks
balance?
3. Manufacturing decline is not important;
the future lies in service and high-tech telecommunications. A
"post-industrial" economy is supposed to be
"replacing sunset industries just as manufacturing replaced
agriculture". Of course, agriculture's output didn't decline,
enormous increases in productivity made American farmers competitive
with low-wage farmers everywhere. Service activities produce no real
wealth, they just redistribute what is generated by agriculture,
extractive industries, and manufacturing. Salaries are generally
lower and productivity is poor in spite of enormous investments in
electronic hardware and software. This myth of inevitability may be
the worst of all if it discourages efforts to restore manufacturing
health.
Within manufacturing there are gems of
"conventional wisdom" (which is a real oxymoron). A small
sample of these includes:
1. Better control requires more
sophisticated systems
2. There is some right amount of inventory
in every company
3. Input to plants must be increased before
output can be
4. Inevitably, more variety means higher
costs
5. The worst wastes are idle people and
machines
6. Inventory cushions are needed; problems
are inevitable
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